Pivot Tables take tables of data and allow the user to summarise and consolidate the data at the same time. This is a great and very fast method of analysis but is restricted to handling mathematical functions on the value field resulting in numerical summaries.
It is possible to combine Custom Number Formats with the Pivot Table to produce Text based answers.
Download some sample data and follow along here: Sample File.
On the Simple Example worksheet
You will see that we have a sample table consisting of 5 fields, Names, Email, Opened and Date
Next add a numerical field “Open”, to convert the Opened field to a value
In F2: =(D2=”Yes”)*1 and copy F2 down
We can now add a Pivot table to the expanded table:
Select the area A1:F9
Insert, Pivot Table, Pivot Table
Select a Table or Range: ‘Basic Example’!$A$1:$F$9
Existing Worksheet: Location: I2
Once the pivot table is added, the PivotTable Field List will be displayed
Drag the Date field to the Column Labels
Drag the Email field to the Row Labels
Drag the Open field to the Sum Values
The Pivot Table will low look like this:
We can hide the Grant Total Row and Column by right clicking on the Grand Total Heading and select Remove Grand Total.
We will now add a Custom Number format to the Sum of Open area
Select the Sum of Open area
Right Click and select Format Cells
On the Number Tab, Select the Custom Category and enter a Format code: [>=1]”Yes”;[=0]”No”;
Anywhere that a value >0 occurs the word “Yes” will appear and where ever it is 0 a “No” will be shown.
You can do any of the normal Pivot Table, Filtering, Grouping etc activities and the results will change accordingly.
You can now format the Pivot Table as desired.
More Complex Results
We can use the Custom Number Formats to define up to 3 Text Values to either individual or Ranges of results.
Goto the Complex Example worksheet.
This Pivot table has used a Custom Number Format of: [<=9]”Low”;[<=19]”Medium”;”High”
This Custom Number Format assigns a Value of Low to a Sum of Rank <= 9, a Value of Medium to a Sum of Rank <= 19 and High to the remainder of the values
The Pivot Table also has a Conditional Format applied to the Sum of Rank area which applies a Color to the Font of the cells.
Limitations
The limitations of this technique are in that a Custom Number Format can only display 3 Conditional formats using the [ ] parameters.
There are a number of techniques that can expand on this using VBA and these are discussed below:
Displaying Text Values in Pivot Tables with VBA
Robert Mundigl has written a great article on using Text within Pivot Tables using VBA
Emulate Excel Pivot Tables with Texts in the Value Area using VBA
References:
You can read more about Custom Number Formats here:
Here at Chandoo.org:
http://chandoo.org/wp/2008/02/25/custom-cell-formatting-in-excel-few-tips-tricks/
http://chandoo.org/wp/2011/11/02/a-technique-to-quickly-develop-custom-number-formats/
http://chandoo.org/wp/2011/08/19/selective-chart-axis-formating/
http://chandoo.org/wp/2011/08/22/custom-chart-axis-formating-part-2/
http://chandoo.org/wp/tag/custom-cell-formatting/
Elsewhere
http://www.ozgrid.com/Excel/CustomFormats.htm
http://peltiertech.com/Excel/NumberFormats.html
You can read more about Conditional Formatting here:
http://chandoo.org/wp/2009/03/13/excel-conditional-formatting-basics/
http://chandoo.org/wp/2008/03/13/want-to-be-an-excel-conditional-formatting-rock-star-read-this/
