Hi Ali,
I think your requirement in post #1 & post# 7 are different: if so than try below formula for #7, with various samples. Can't some up with a descent formula, may be somebody will show the magic.
=MIN(SUM(FREQUENCY(IFERROR(MATCH(MID(J12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(J12))),1),MID(K12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(K12))),1),0),"e"),ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(J12))))),SUM(FREQUENCY(IFERROR(MATCH(MID(K12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(K12))),1),MID(J12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(J12))),1),0),"e"),ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(K12))))))
This will give no. of common character. Names are in J12 & K12, and below formula will give the result as shown in your pic.
=SUM(LEN(J12:K12))-(MIN(SUM(FREQUENCY(IFERROR(MATCH(MID(J12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(J12))),1),MID(K12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(K12))),1),0),"e"),ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(J12))))),SUM(FREQUENCY(IFERROR(MATCH(MID(K12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(K12))),1),MID(J12,ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(J12))),1),0),"e"),ROW(INDIRECT("1:"&LEN(K12))))))*2)
Note both the formula are array formulas so must be entered with Ctrl+Shift+Enter.
Regards,