You may have already figured this out, but the PROPER function will do a lot of what you are requiring.
http://www.excelfunctions.net/Excel-Proper-Function.html
Additionally, you may want to simply create a formula that checks for
ß and replaces it with
ss, and the same for
ö to
o and any others you want to "fix" including Russian characters, et. al. You'll simply add the "offending" character with its desired replacement as you encounter them. You end up with one LONG formula containing all the offending characters and their replacements.
e.g. =PROPER(TRIM(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"ß","ss")))
http://www.excelfunctions.net/Excel-Substitute-Function.html
http://www.excelfunctions.net/TrimFunction.html
Simply compound this formula to include the other characters for which you want to check and drag the formula to cover those cells.
=PROPER(TRIM(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(A2,"ß","ss"),"ö","o"),"в","u"),"с","s"),"т","t"),"р","r"),"и","I"),"я","a")))
The "corrected data" can be copied to wherever you desire.
See attached spreadsheet.
One more idea. You could use VLOOKUP and create a table of the offending characters with their replacements.
http://www.excelfunctions.net/ExcelVlookup.html