That's about 6~700k rows? PowerQuery should not have issue dealing with it.
I work daily with anywhere from 60k to 1.5 million rows of data.
What's your RAM, version of Excel, OS, CPU etc? You may want to discuss with IT and see if it is feasible to install Office in 64 bit instead of 32 bit to take full advantage of PowerQuery (there's memory limit to 32 bit installation, 3 or 4 Gb if I recall right).
Edited for clarity:
Also, if you are loading entire table from same workbook, that would slow things down. Load it from separate workbook to data model and use Pivot Table to summarize.
Another way to handle large amount of data is to utilize MS SQL database to do heavy lifting and fold data at query level, then load to Excel via PowerQuery. I often do this for IVR data from PBX system.
In my opinion, if data is too large to be handled by Excel, it's likely too detailed to be of much use in business analysis (there are few exceptions). It is best to summarize data prior to loading.
There are alternatives to PowerQuery/Excel, but it will require investment in infrastructure, implementation and maintenance. Software will depend on your specific need (i.e. what is the most important role? Data discovery, analysis, reporting, processing, etc).
See link for few that I've posted on.
http://forum.chandoo.org/threads/qlik-sense-desktop-has-anyone-used-this-before.28906/
- Handles large data very well. But to take full advantage, you will need licensed version with dedicated server (about 1TB RAM).
http://forum.chandoo.org/threads/adopting-dashboards.31583/#post-187720
- Next Reports is decent for simple reporting and KPI dashboard need.
- amCharts is more flexible and handles large data well (JSON format), but will require you to know java script, web administration and few other things.